Rationale: Delusional memories are significantly associated with post-traumatic stress in adult patients after intensive care. Objectives: In this study we attempted to establish whether this relationship was found in children. We also examined the association between factual memory and distress. Methods: 102 consecutive children, aged between 7 and 17 years, were interviewed about their "PICU" experience three months after discharge from a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. Principal measures were the ICU Memory Tool (a checklist of intensive care memories) and an abbreviated version of the Impact of Event Scale (a screen for post-traumatic stress disorder). Main Results: In total 64/102 (63%) children reported at least one factual memory of their admission and 33/102 (32%) reported delusional memories, including disturbing hallucinations. Traumatic brain injury was negatively associated with factual memory (odds ratio 0.23, 95% confidence interval 0.09 to 0.58, p = 0.002). Longer duration of opiates/benzodiazepines was associated with delusional memory (odds ratio 4.98, 95% confidence interval 1.3 to 20.0, p = 0.023). Post-traumatic stress scores were higher in children reporting delusional memories (adjusted difference 3.0, 95% confidence interval 0.06 to 5.9, p=0.045) when illness severity and emergency status were controlled for. Factual memory was not significantly associated with post-traumatic stress. Conclusions: This study indicates that delusional memories are reported by a almost one-third of children and are associated both with the duration of opiates/benzodiazepines and risk of post-traumatic stress. More research is needed on the presence of delusional memories and associated risk factors in children receiving intensive care treatment.