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Published ahead of print on March 9, 2006, doi:10.1164/rccm.200510-1584PP

Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., Volume 173, Number 11, June 2006, 1186-1193

A more recent version of this article appeared on June 1, 2006
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Submitted on October 10, 2005
Accepted on March 6, 2006

S-Nitrosothiol Signaling in Respiratory Biology

Benjamin Gaston1*, David Singel2, Allan Doctor1, and Jonathan S Stamler3

1 Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA, 2 Department of Chemistry, Montana State University, Boseman, MT, USA, 3 Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: bmg3g{at}virginia.edu.

Genetic and biochemical data demonstrate a pivotal role for S-nitrosothiols (SNOs) in mediating the actions of nitric oxide (NO) synthases. S-nitrosothiols (SNOs) serve to convey NO bioactivity and to regulate protein function. This understanding is of immediate interest to the pulmonary clinical and research communities. Here we review: 1) the biochemical and cellular evidence that SNOs in amino acids, peptides and proteins elicit NOS-dependent signaling in the respiratory system; 2) studies that link SNO signaling to pulmonary medicine. SNO-mediated signaling is involved in the regulation of minute ventilation, ventilation-perfusion matching, pulmonary arterial pressure, basal airway tone, and respiratory and peripheral muscle function. Derangements in SNO signaling are implicated in many disorders relevant to pulmonary and critical care medicine, including apnea, hypoxemia, pulmonary hypertension, asthma, cystic fibrosis (CF), pneumonia, and septic shock.


Key words: S-nitrosothiol, S-nitrosoglutathione, asthma, cystic fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension




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