Published ahead of print on February 2, 2006, doi:10.1164/rccm.200507-1140OC
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., Volume 173, Number 8, April 2006, 890-896
A more recent version of this article appeared on April 15, 2006
Submitted on July 25, 2005
Accepted on January 27, 2006
Lung Function and Exercise Capacity in Young Adults Born Prematurely
Elianne J.L.E. Vrijlandt1*, Jorrit Gerritsen1, H. Marike Boezen2, Rene G Grevink3, and Eric J Duiverman1
1 Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Beatrix Children's Hospital Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands,
2 Department of Epidemiology and Bioinformatics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands,
3 Department of Pulmonology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: e.j.l.e.vrijlandt{at}bkk.umcg.nl.
Rationale
Limited information is available about the long-term outcome of lung function and exercise capacity in young adults born prematurely.
Objective
To determine long term effects of prematurity on lung function (volumes, diffusing capacity) and exercise capacity in ex-preterms compared to healthy peers.
Methods
In a prospective cohort study, children born with a gestational age of < 32 weeks and/or a birth weight < 1500g were followed up for 19 years. Participants (n=42,
mean gestational age 30 weeks and mean birth weight 1246g) and healthy term controls (n=48) were recruited for lung function and exercise tests.
Measurements
Spirometry, bodybox (TLCbox), diffusing capacity (TLCO), bicycle ergometer test.
Main Results
Preterm birth was associated with lower FEV1 (preterms 95% pred vs controls 110% pred, p<0.001), TLCOsb (88% pred vs 96% pred, p=0.003) and exercise capacity (load 185 Watt vs 216 Watt, p<0.001, anaerobic threshold (mean 1546 ml/min vs 1839 ml/min, p<0.001) compared to controls at follow up. No differences between the groups were found in TLCbox, peak oxygen consumption (VO2) and breathing reserve. No significant differences in lung function and exercise parameters were found between preterms with and without Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.
Conclusions
Long term effects of prematurity were airway obstruction and a lower CO diffusing capacity compared to controls, although mean lung function parameters were within the normal range. Ex-preterms had a lower exercise level, which could not be explained by impaired lung function or smoking habits, but might be due to impaired physical fitness.
Key words: lung function, exercise capacity, ex-preterms
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