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Published ahead of print on June 23, 2006, doi:10.1164/rccm.200503-479OC

Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., Volume 174, Number 8, October 2006, 901-905

A more recent version of this article appeared on October 15, 2006
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Submitted on March 28, 2005
Accepted on June 19, 2006

The Effect of Biomass Burning on Respiratory Symptoms and Lung Function in Rural Mexican Women

Justino Regalado1*, Rogelio Perez-Padilla1, Raul Sansores1, Jose Ignacio Paramo-Ramirez1, Michael Brauer2, Peter Pare3, and Sverre Vedal3

1 Departamento de Investigacion Epidemiologica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Mexico City, D. F., Mexico, 2 University of British Colombia, School of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, 3 Department of Medicine, Respiratory Division, University of British Colombia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jregalad{at}compuserve.com.mx.

BACKGROUND The use of biomass as a cooking fuel is commonplace in developing countries and has been associated with chronic bronchitis and obstructive airways disease. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was done in the village of Solis, close to Mexico City. Lifelong non-smoking women 38 years of age or older (n=841) completed a questionnaire on respiratory symptoms and illnesses and on cooking fuel use, and performed spirometry in their homes. Particulate matter concentration was measured with a nephelometer in the kitchen for one hour, while the subject was cooking. RESULTS Peak indoor particulate matter concentrations (PM10) often exceeded 2 mg/m3. Compared to those cooking with gas, current use of a stove burning biomass fuel was associated with increased reporting of phlegm (27% vs 9%) and reduced FEV1/FVC (79.9% vs 82.8%). Levels of FEV1 were 81 mL lower and cough was more common (OR 1.7, 95%CI 1.0-2.8) in women from homes with higher PM10 concentrations. All women found with moderate airflow obstruction (GOLD stages II and above) were cooking with biomass stoves. CONCLUSION Women cooking with biomass fuels, have increased respiratory symptoms and a slight average reduction in lung function compared to those cooking with gas.
Key words: Biomass burning, COPD, Chronic bronchitis, Respiratory symptoms




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