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Published ahead of print on October 29, 2004, doi:10.1164/rccm.200405-579OC

Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., Volume 171, Number 2, January 2005, 183-187

A more recent version of this article appeared on January 15, 2005
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Submitted on May 5, 2004
Accepted on October 17, 2004

Neuropeptide Y and Leptin in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: Role of Obesity

Antonia Barcelo1, Ferran Barbe1*, Elena Llompart1, Monica de la Pena1, Joaquin Duran-Cantolla2, Antoni Ladaria1, Margalida Bosch1, Lourdes Guerra2, and Alvar GN Agusti1

1 Serveis de Analisis Clinques and Pneumologia, Hospital Universitari Son Dureta, Institut Universitari de Ciencies de la Salut (IUNICS), Palma de Mallorca, Balears, Spain, 2 Servicio de Neumologia, Hospital Txagorritxu, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Vitoria, Spain

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: fbarbe{at}hsd.es.

Neuropeptide Y and leptin are two peptides involved in the regulation of body weight, energy balance and sympathetic tone. This study investigates the independent role of apneas and obesity upon neuropeptide Y and leptin plasma levels in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). To this end we compared their values in 23 obese (BMI > 30 Kg/m2) and 24 non obese (BMI < 27 Kg/m2) patients with OSAS, and 19 obese and 18 non-obese control subjects without OSAS. Patients who used continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for more than 4 hours/night were re-examined 3 and 12 months later. We found that NPY levels were increased (p<0.01) in patients with OSAS, independently of obesity. Leptin levels were also increased in OSAS, but this was mostly associated to obesity. CPAP treatment reduced NPY levels in all patients, and leptin levels only in non-obese patients (p<0.01). We concluded that NPY and leptin plasma levels are increased in patients with OSAS. Yet, while the former appear independent of obesity, the latter are mostly associated to obesity.
Key words: Cardiovascular risk, CPAP, Obesity, Sympathetic nervous system




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