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Published ahead of print on July 15, 2004, doi:10.1164/rccm.200402-235OC

Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., Volume 170, Number 8, October 2004, 891-897

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Submitted on February 24, 2004
Accepted on July 14, 2004

Particulate Matter Air Pollution Stimulates Monocyte Release from the Bone Marrow

Yukinobu Goto1, Hiroshi Ishii1, James C Hogg1, Chih-Horng Shih1, Kazuhiro Yatera1, Renaud Vincent2, and Stephan F van Eeden1*

1 The James Hogg iCAPTURE Centre for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, 2 Environmental Health Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: svaneeden{at}mrl.ubc.ca.

Particulate air pollution (PM10) stimulates alveolar macrophages (AM) to release immature granulocytes from the bone marrow (BM) into the circulation. The present study was designed to determine the effect of PM10 (ambient EHC-93 or inert carbon [CC]) instillation exposure on the monocyte release from the BM and the role of AM in this response. Monocyte precursors were labeled in the BM of rabbits in vivo by intravenous injection of 5'-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and the effects of PM10 were determined by instillation either particles or supernatants of AM exposed to particles into the lungs. Instillation of EHC-93 (500 µg/ml) or supernatants from AM incubated with EHC-93 (100 µg/ml) increased circulating band cell counts (p < 0.05) and shortened the transit time of monocytes through the BM (35.5 ± 2.2 to 25.0 ± 1.5 hours or 36.2 ± 2.6 to 25.7 ± 1.8 hours, p < 0.05) compared to the control. CC (1%) instillation also shortened the monocyte BM transit time to 28.4 ± 1.9 hours (p < 0.05), but supernatants of AM incubated with CC did not. We conclude that exposure to atmospheric PM10 stimulates the production of mediators by AM and these cytokines accelerate the monocyte release from the BM.
Key words: Air pollution, Alveolar macrophages, Bone marrow, Cytokines, Leukocytes




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