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Published ahead of print on October 29, 2004, doi:10.1164/rccm.200402-143OC

Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., Volume 171, Number 2, January 2005, 103-108

A more recent version of this article appeared on January 15, 2005
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Submitted on February 6, 2004
Accepted on October 26, 2004

Country of Birth as a Risk Factor for Asthma Among Mexican Americans

Fernando Holguin1*, David M Mannino2, Josep Anto3, Joshua Mott2, Earl S Ford2, W Gerald Teague4, Stephen C Redd2, and Isabelle Romieu5

1 Department of Air Pollution and Respiratory Health Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA, 2 Department of Air Pollution and Respiratory Health Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA, 3 Municipal Institute of Medical Research, Barcelona, Spain, 4 Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA, 5 Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: fch5{at}cdc.gov.

In the United States, among Hispanics, Mexican-Americans have the lowest rate of asthma. However this population includes Mexican Americans born in the United States and in Mexico, and risk factors that might impact the prevalence of asthma differ between these groups. To determine the prevalence of and risk factors for asthma among US and Mexico born Mexican Americans, we analyzed data from two US surveys that included 4574 persons who self-reported their ethnicity as Mexican American from NHANES III 1998-1994 and 12,980 persons who self-reported their ethnicity as Mexican American from NHIS 1997-2001. US-born Mexican Americans were more likely than Mexico-born Mexican Americans to report ever having asthma in both the NHANES III (7% [SE 0.5] versus 3% [SE 0.3], p < 0.001) and NHIS surveys (8.1% [0.4] versus 2.5% [0.2], p < 0.001). In a multivariate regression model controlling for multiple demographic variables and health care, the risk for asthma was higher among US-born Mexicans in NHANES III (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.4 -3.3) and NHIS (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.6-5.5). In conclusion, the prevalence of asthma was higher in US-born than Mexico-born Mexican Americans. This highlights the importance of environmental exposures in developing asthma in a migratory population.
Key words: Asthma, Immigration, Mexican-American




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