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Published ahead of print on October 2, 2003, doi:10.1164/rccm.200304-499OC

Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., Volume 169, Number 1, January 2004, 70-76

A more recent version of this article appeared on January 1, 2004
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Submitted on April 10, 2003
Accepted on October 1, 2003

Reduced IFN{gamma} production and sCD14 levels in early life predict recurrent wheezing by 1 year of age

Stefano Guerra1, I. Carla Lohman1, Marilyn Halonen1, Fernando D Martinez1, and Anne L Wright1*

1 Arizona Respiratory Center, University of Arizona, College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: awright{at}resp-sci.arizona.edu.

It is unknown whether reduced production of IFN{gamma} in early life, prior to any lower respiratory tract illness, is a risk factor for recurrent wheezing in infancy. We followed 238 infants prospectively from birth to 1 year of age. At birth and at 3 months of age, IFN{gamma} production from polyclonally stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells and soluble CD14 levels in plasma were measured. The odds of developing recurrent wheezing (assessed by questionnaire) in the first year of life were up to 4.5 times higher for children in the lowest quartile of IFN{gamma} production at 3 months (p = .0005) and 3.2 times higher for children in the lowest quartile of soluble CD14 levels at birth (p = .004) as compared with children in the other 3 combined quartiles of IFN{gamma} and soluble CD14, respectively. Findings were confirmed in the multivariate analysis. IFN{gamma} production at 3 months and soluble CD14 levels at birth were correlated (r = .188, p = .031). Our findings from a longitudinal cohort suggest that impaired IFN{gamma} production at 3 months and reduced plasma soluble CD14 levels at birth significantly increase the risk of developing recurrent wheezing in the first year of life.
Key words: wheezing, asthma, IFNgamma, CD14 antigen, LPS receptor




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