Published ahead of print on December 18, 2002, doi:10.1164/rccm.200207-716BC
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., Volume 167, Number 6, March 2003, 850-855
A more recent version of this article appeared on March 15, 2003
Submitted on July 19, 2002
Accepted on December 16, 2002
Comparison of nasal and oral inhalation during exhaled breath condensate collection
Geza Vass1, Eva Huszar1, Erzsebet Barat1, Marta Valyon2, Domonkos Kiss3, Istvan Penzes3, Monika Augusztinovicz4, and Ildiko Horvath1*
1 Pathophysiology, National Koranyi Institute for Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary,
2 Clinical Chemistry, National Koranyi Institute for Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary,
3 Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Semmelweis University of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary,
4 ORL, Peterffy S. Hospital, Budapest, Hungary
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: hildiko{at}koranyi.hu.
Exhaled breath condensate is a method for non-invasive assessment of the lung. Condensate can be collected with nose clip (subjects inhale and exhale via mouth) or without it (subjects inhale via nose and exhale via mouth). However the mode of inhalation may influence condensate volume and mediator levels. We compared condensate volume, and adenosine, ammonia and thromboxaneB2 levels in young healthy volunteers (n=25) when samples were collected for 10 minutes with or without wearing a nose clip. Patients with allergic rhinitis (n=8) were also studied to assess the effect of upper airway inflammation on mediator levels. Adenosine was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography, ammonia spectrophotometrically, thromboxaneB2 by radioimmunoassay. Volume of condensate was significantly higher without nose clip than that with nose clip (mean±SD, 2321±736µL and 1746±400µL, respectively, p=0.0001). We found no significant difference in any mediator levels between these two collection modes in healthy volunteers, but adenosine showed a tendency to differ between oral and nasal inhalation in allergic rhinitis patients. Our data indicate that larger volume of condensate can be obtained when subjects inhale through their noses, but the mode of inhalation does not influence mediator levels in young healthy volunteers, but may affect them in allergic rhinitis patients.
Key words: airway inflammation, non-invasive monitoring, adenosine, ammonia, thromboxane
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