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The Last 100 Years of Sepsis

Department of Intensive Care, Erasme Hospital, Free University of Brussels, Belgium; and Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado

Correspondence and requests for reprints should be addressed to Jean-Louis Vincent, M.D., Ph.D., Erasme University Hospital, Intensive Care, Route de Lennik 808, Brussels, Belgium 1070. E-mail: jlvincen{at}ulb.ac.be

ABSTRACT

Over the last 100 years, huge advances have been made in the field of sepsis in terms of pathophysiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, monitoring, and therapeutics. Here, we offer our perspective of the key changes and current situation in each of these areas. Despite these changes, mortality rates remain unacceptably high and continued progress, particularly in early diagnosis and therapy, is urgently needed.

Key Words: endotoxin • cytokines • epidemiology • septic shock • immunomodulation

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