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Published ahead of print on June 9, 2005, doi:10.1164/rccm.200503-439OC
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American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Vol 172. pp. 738-744, (2005)
© 2005 American Thoracic Society
doi: 10.1164/rccm.200503-439OC

3p Microsatellite Alterations in Exhaled Breath Condensate from Patients with Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer

Giovanna E. Carpagnano, Maria Pia Foschino-Barbaro, Giuseppina Mulé, Onofrio Resta, Stefania Tommasi, Anita Mangia, Francesco Carpagnano, Gaetano Stea, Antonia Susca, Giuseppe Di Gioia, Mario De Lena and Angelo Paradiso

Institute of Respiratory Disease, University of Foggia, Foggia; Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari, Centro Nazionale delle Ricerche; Bari Institute of Respiratory Disease, University of Bari; Clinical Experimental Oncology Lab, National Cancer Institute; and Department of Thoracic Surgery, San Paolo Hospital, Bari, Italy

Correspondence and requests for reprints should be addressed to Giovanna Elisiana Carpagnano, M.D., Via De Nicolo 5, 70121 Bari, Italy. E-mail: ge.carpagnano{at}unifg.it

The still-high mortality for lung cancer urgently requires the availability of new, noninvasive diagnostic tools for use in early diagnosis and screening programs. Recently, exhaled breath condensate (EBC) has been proposed as a useful tool to obtain biological information on lung cancer disease. This study provides, for the first time, evidence that DNA alterations already described in lung cancer are detectable in EBC from patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and in healthy subjects. Thirty patients with histologic evidence of NSCLC and 20 healthy subjects were enrolled in the present study. All subjects had allelotyping analysis of DNA from EBC (EBC-DNA) and from whole blood (WB-DNA) of a selected panel of five microsatellites (D3S2338, D3S1266, D3S1300, D3S1304, D3S1289) located in chromosomal region 3p. Results from healthy subjects and subjects with cancer, and from EBC and WB, were compared. In addition, the relationships with smoking habit and clinicopathologic tumor features were considered. Microsatellite alterations (MAs) were found in 53% of EBC-DNA and in 10% of WB-DNA loci investigated in patients with NSCLC (p < 10–6); conversely, MAs were present only in 13% of EBC-DNA and in 2% of WB-DNA informative loci in healthy subjects. In patients with NSCLC, a direct association between number of MAs detected in EBC-DNA and tobacco consumption was observed. We conclude that EBC-DNA is highly sensitive in detecting MA information unique to patients with lung cancer. Furthermore, MA information seems to be directly related with tobacco consumption, and is potentially applicable to screening and early diagnostic programs for patients with NSCLC.

Key Words: breath condensate • DNA • microsatellite • non–small cell lung cancer




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