Published ahead of print on October 29, 2004, doi:10.1164/rccm.200405-579OC
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Vol 171. pp. 183-187, (2005)
© 2005 American Thoracic Society
doi: 10.1164/rccm.200405-579OC
Neuropeptide Y and Leptin in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome
Role of Obesity
Antonia Barceló,
Ferran Barbé,
Elena Llompart,
Mónica de la Peña,
Joaquin Durán-Cantolla,
Antoni Ladaria,
Margalida Bosch,
Lourdes Guerra and
Alvar G. N. Agustí
Serveis de Anàlisis Cliniques and Pneumologia, Hospital Universitari Son Dureta, Institut Universitari de Ciencies de la Salut, Palma de Mallorca; and Servicio de Neumologia, Hospital Txagorritxu, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
Correspondence and reprint requests should be addressed to Ferran Barbé, M.D., Servei de Pneumología, Hospital Universitari Son Dureta, C/ Andrea Doria 55, 07014 Palma de Mallorca. E-mail: fbarbe{at}hsd.es
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and leptin are two peptides involved in the regulation of body weight, energy balance, and sympathetic tone. This study investigates the independent role of apneas and obesity on NPY and leptin plasma levels in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). To this end we compared their values in 23 obese (body mass index > 30 kg/m2) and 24 nonobese (body mass index < 27 kg/m2) patients with OSAS, and in 19 obese and 18 nonobese control subjects without OSAS. Patients who used continuous positive airway pressure for more than 4 hours/night were reexamined 3 and 12 months later. We found that NPY levels were increased (p < 0.01) in patients with OSAS independently of obesity. Leptin levels were also increased in OSAS but this was mostly associated to obesity. Continuous positive airway pressure treatment reduced NPY levels in all patients and leptin levels only in nonobese patients (p < 0.01). We concluded that NPY and leptin plasma levels are increased in patients with OSAS. Yet, whereas the former appear independent of obesity, the latter are mostly associated with obesity.
Key Words: cardiovascular risk • continuous positive airway pressure • obesity • sympathetic nervous system
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