Adam Giangreco1,
Karen R. Groot2 and
Sam M. Janes2
1 Keratinocyte Laboratory, Cancer Research UK, London, United Kingdom; and 2 Centre of Respiratory Research, University College London, London, United Kingdom
Correspondence and requests for reprints should be addressed to Sam M. Janes, M.D., Ph.D., Centre of Respiratory Research, Rayne Building, University College London, 5 University Street, London, WC1E 6JJ UK. E-mail: s.janes{at}ucl.ac.uk
ABSTRACT
Lung cancer is a significant disease with survival rates remainingpoor despite numerous therapeutic advances during the last 30years. Understanding lung cancer pathogenesis through murinemodeling may improve future human therapies, and new data indicatethat mutations within different endogenous stem cells situatedthroughout airways can drive cancer formation. Airway stem cellsmaintain prototumorigenic characteristics, including high proliferativecapacity, multipotent differentiation, and a long lifespan relativeto other cells. These cells localize to proximal airway submucosalglands/intercartilagenous rings, neuroepithelial bodies, andterminal bronchioles/bronchoalveolar duct junctions. Recentstudies suggest that endogenous stem cell signaling and differentiationpathways are maintained within distinct cancer types, and thatdestabilization of this signaling machinery may initiate region-specificlung cancers. A better understanding of this relationship amongstem cell regulation, cellular mutation, and lung cancer oncogenesisis critical for developing the next wave of lung cancer therapies.
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