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Published ahead of print on February 2, 2006, doi:10.1164/rccm.200507-1140OC
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American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Vol 173. pp. 890-896, (2006)
© 2006 American Thoracic Society
doi: 10.1164/rccm.200507-1140OC

Original Article

Lung Function and Exercise Capacity in Young Adults Born Prematurely

Elianne J. L. E. Vrijlandt, Jorrit Gerritsen, H. Marike Boezen, René G. Grevink and Eric J. Duiverman

Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Beatrix Children's Hospital Groningen; Department of Epidemiology and Bioinformatics, and Department of Pulmonology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

Correspondence and requests for reprints should be addressed to Elianne J.L.E. Vrijlandt, M.D., P.O. Box 30.001, NL 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands. E-mail: e.j.l.e.vrijlandt{at}bkk.umcg.nl

Rationale: Limited information is available about the long-term outcome of lung function and exercise capacity in young adults born prematurely.

Objective: To determine long-term effects of prematurity on lung function (volumes, diffusing capacity) and exercise capacity in ex-preterms compared with healthy peers.

Methods: In a prospective cohort study, children born with a gestational age of less than 32 wk and/or a birth weight under 1,500 g were followed up for 19 yr. Participants (n = 42; mean gestational age, 30 wk, and mean birth weight, 1,246 g) and healthy term control subjects (n = 48) were recruited for lung function and exercise tests.

Measurements: Spirometry, bodybox (TLCbox), diffusing capacity (DLCO), bicycle ergometer test.

Main Results: Preterm birth was associated with lower FEV1 (preterms, 95% predicted, vs. controls, 110% predicted; p < 0.001), DLCOsb (88% predicted vs. 96% predicted, p = 0.003), and exercise capacity (load, 185 vs. 216 W; p < 0.001; anaerobic threshold: mean, 1,546 vs. 1,839 ml/min; p < 0.001) compared with control subjects at follow-up. No differences between the groups were found in TLCbox, peak oxygen consumption (VO2), and breathing reserve. No significant differences in lung function and exercise parameters were found between preterms with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Conclusions: Long-term effects of prematurity were airway obstruction and a lower CO diffusing capacity compared with control subjects, although mean lung function parameters were within the normal range. Ex-preterms had a lower exercise level, which could not be explained by impaired lung function or smoking habits, but might be due to impaired physical fitness.

Key Words: exercise capacity • ex-preterms • lung function




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