This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Online Supplement All Versions of this Article: 200409-1286OCv1 200409-1286OCv2 171/6/563    most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Choudhry, S. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Choudhry, S.

Pharmacogenetic Differences in Response to Albuterol between Puerto Ricans and Mexicans with Asthma

University of California, San Francisco; Lung Biology Center, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California; San Juan Veterans Administration Medical Center, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine; Pediatric Pulmonary Program of San Juan, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; The Harlem Lung Center, Harlem Hospital and Columbia University, New York, New York; and Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Mexico City, Mexico

Correspondence and requests for reprints should be addressed to: Esteban González Burchard, M.D., University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0833. E-mail: eburch{at}itsa.ucsf.edu

Background: In the United States, Puerto Ricans and Mexicans have the highest and lowest asthma prevalence, morbidity, and mortality, respectively. Ethnic-specific differences in the response to drug treatment may contribute to differences in disease outcomes. Genetic variants at the ß₂-adrenergic receptor (ß₂AR) may modify asthma severity and albuterol responsiveness. We tested the association of ß₂AR genotypes with asthma severity and bronchodilator response to albuterol in Puerto Ricans and Mexicans with asthma. Methods: We used both family-based and cross-sectional tests of association with 8 ß₂AR single nucleotide polymorphisms in 684 Puerto Rican and Mexican families. Regression analyses were used to determine the interaction between genotype, asthma severity, and bronchodilator drug responsiveness. Results: Among Puerto Ricans with asthma, the arginine (Arg) 16 allele was associated with greater bronchodilator response using both family-based and cross-sectional tests (p = 0.00001–0.01). We found a strong interaction of baseline FEV₁ with the Arg16Glycine (Gly) polymorphism in predicting bronchodilator response. Among Puerto Ricans with asthma with baseline FEV₁ < 80% of predicted, but not in those with FEV₁ > 80%, there was a very strong association between the Arg16 genotype and greater bronchodilator responsiveness. No association was observed between Arg16Gly genotypes and drug responsiveness among Mexicans with asthma. Conclusions: Ethnic-specific pharmacogenetic differences exist between Arg16Gly genotypes, asthma severity, and bronchodilator response in Puerto Ricans and Mexicans with asthma. These findings underscore the need for additional research on racial/ethnic differences in asthma morbidity and drug responsiveness.

Key Words: asthma genetics • ß₂-adrenergic receptor gene • Latinos • pharmacogenetic

This article has been cited by other articles:

				D. Fullwiley The Biologistical Construction of Race: `Admixture' Technology and the New Genetic Medicine Social Studies of Science, October 1, 2008; 38(5): 695 - 735. [Abstract] [PDF]

				M. C. Aldrich, S. Selvin, H. M. Hansen, L. F. Barcellos, M. R. Wrensch, J. D. Sison, C. P. Quesenberry, R. A. Kittles, G. Silva, P. A. Buffler, et al. Comparison of Statistical Methods for Estimating Genetic Admixture in a Lung Cancer Study of African Americans and Latinos Am. J. Epidemiol., September 12, 2008; (2008) kwn224v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Galanter, S. Choudhry, C. Eng, S. Nazario, J. R. Rodriguez-Santana, J. Casal, A. Torres-Palacios, J. Salas, R. Chapela, H. G. Watson, et al. ORMDL3 Gene Is Associated with Asthma in Three Ethnically Diverse Populations Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., June 1, 2008; 177(11): 1194 - 1200. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. Hizawa, H. Makita, Y. Nasuhara, T. Betsuyaku, Y. Itoh, K. Nagai, M. Hasegawa, and M. Nishimura {beta}2-Adrenergic Receptor Genetic Polymorphisms and Short-term Bronchodilator Responses in Patients With COPD Chest, November 1, 2007; 132(5): 1485 - 1492. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. B. Weiss Eliminating Asthma Disparities: A National Workshop To Set a Working Agenda Chest, November 1, 2007; 132(5_suppl): 753S - 756S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. V. Scirica and J. C. Celedon Genetics of Asthma: Potential Implications for Reducing Asthma Disparities Chest, November 1, 2007; 132(5_suppl): 770S - 781S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Choudhry, M. A. Seibold, L. N. Borrell, H. Tang, D. Serebrisky, R. Chapela, J. R. Rodriguez-Santana, P. C. Avila, E. Ziv, W. Rodriguez-Cintron, et al. Dissecting Complex Diseases in Complex Populations: Asthma in Latino Americans Proceedings of the ATS, July 1, 2007; 4(3): 226 - 233. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. B. Penn, V. E. Ortega, and E. R. Bleecker A Roadmap to functional genomics Physiol Genomics, June 19, 2007; 30(1): 82 - 88. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Panebra, M. R. Schwarb, C. B. Glinka, and S. B. Liggett Allele-Specific Binding of Airway Nuclear Extracts to Polymorphic beta2-Adrenergic Receptor 5' Sequence Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., June 1, 2007; 36(6): 654 - 660. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. T. Cohen, G. J. Canino, H. R. Bird, S. Shen, B. A. Rosner, and J. C. Celedon Area of Residence, Birthplace, and Asthma in Puerto Rican Children Chest, May 1, 2007; 131(5): 1331 - 1338. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Choudhry, E. G. Burchard, L. N. Borrell, H. Tang, I. Gomez, M. Naqvi, S. Nazario, A. Torres, J. Casal, J. C. Martinez-Cruzado, et al. Ancestry-Environment Interactions and Asthma Risk among Puerto Ricans Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., November 15, 2006; 174(10): 1088 - 1093. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. Rose, D. M. Mannino, and B. P. Leaderer Asthma Prevalence Among US Adults, 1998-2000: Role of Puerto Rican Ethnicity and Behavioral and Geographic Factors Am J Public Health, May 1, 2006; 96(5): 880 - 888. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. E. Wenzel and R. Covar Update in asthma 2005. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., April 1, 2006; 173(7): 698 - 706. [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. E. Wechsler, E. Lehman, S. C. Lazarus, R. F. Lemanske Jr., H. A. Boushey, A. Deykin, J. V. Fahy, C. A. Sorkness, V. M. Chinchilli, T. J. Craig, et al. beta-Adrenergic Receptor Polymorphisms and Response to Salmeterol Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., March 1, 2006; 173(5): 519 - 526. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. M. Hunninghake, S. T. Weiss, and J. C. Celedon Asthma in Hispanics Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., January 15, 2006; 173(2): 143 - 163. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Gonzalez Burchard, L. N. Borrell, S. Choudhry, M. Naqvi, H.-J. Tsai, J. R. Rodriguez-Santana, R. Chapela, S. D. Rogers, R. Mei, W. Rodriguez-Cintron, et al. Latino Populations: A Unique Opportunity for the Study of Race, Genetics, and Social Environment in Epidemiological Research Am J Public Health, December 1, 2005; 95(12): 2161 - 2168. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. C. Barnes Genetic Determinants and Ethnic Disparities in Sepsis-associated Acute Lung Injury Proceedings of the ATS, October 1, 2005; 2(3): 195 - 201. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. R. Taylor, M. J. Epton, M. A. Kennedy, A. D. Smith, S. Iles, A. L. Miller, M. D. Littlejohn, J. O. Cowan, T. Hewitt, M. P. Swanney, et al. Bronchodilator Response in Relation to {beta}2-Adrenoceptor Haplotype in Patients with Asthma Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., September 15, 2005; 172(6): 700 - 703. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. E. Wechsler and E. Israel How Pharmacogenomics Will Play a Role in the Management of Asthma Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., July 1, 2005; 172(1): 12 - 18. [Full Text] [PDF]

				I. P. Hall Pharmacogenetics and Ethnicity: More Complexities of Personalized Prescribing Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., March 15, 2005; 171(6): 535 - 536. [Full Text] [PDF]