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Arbitrary-Pressure Continuous Positive Airway Pressure for Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Sleep Disorders Centre, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Australia

Correspondence and requests for reprints should be addressed to Craig Hukins, FRACP, Sleep Disorders Centre, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Ipswich Road, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia. E-mail: craig_hukins{at}health.qld.gov.au

Current resources are inadequate to meet the demand for polysomnography, resulting in long waiting lists. This study aimed to evaluate the role of arbitrary-pressure continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) as a method to reduce delays in commencing treatment. The study was of an open, randomized, parallel design. Ninety-one subjects with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome were randomized to either arbitrary-pressure CPAP based on body mass index before treatment polysomnography or to CPAP at settings determined by polysomnography. Both interventions resulted in similar improvements in clinical outcomes as determined by Epworth Sleepiness Score, Short Form-36 Quality of Life questionnaire, objective compliance, and subjective attitudes to treatment. There was higher sleep efficiency at treatment polysomnography in the group commenced at arbitrary pressure (81.8 ± 10.1% [mean ± SD] compared with 72.2 ± 18.0%, p = 0.01). Subjects unable to tolerate CPAP were identified by the use of arbitrary pressure, leading to a reduction in the proportion of "wasted" treatment polysomnograms (studies performed in subjects not persisting with treatment) relative to commencing therapy after treatment polysomnography (3 of 39 compared with 12 of 35, p = 0.01). This approach to initiating treatment with CPAP appears feasible when there are long waiting lists for polysomnography.

Key Words: arbitrary pressure • continuous positive airway pressure • obstructive sleep apnea

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