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Published ahead of print on November 20, 2003, doi:10.1164/rccm.200307-1004OC
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American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Vol 169. pp. 573-577, (2004)
© 2004 American Thoracic Society

Sputum CD34+IL-5R{alpha}+ Cells Increase after Allergen

Evidence for In Situ Eosinophilopoiesis

Sandra C. Dorman, Ann Efthimiadis, Irene Babirad, Rick M. Watson, Judah A. Denburg, Frederick E. Hargreave, Paul M. O'Byrne and Roma Sehmi

Firestone Institute of Respiratory Health, Asthma Research Group, St. Joseph's Healthcare, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Correspondence and requests for reprints should be addressed to Roma Sehmi, Ph.D., Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St. Joseph's Hospital, Luke Wing, Room L314-6, McMaster University, 50 Charlton Avenue East, Hamilton, ON, L8N 4A6 Canada. E-mail: sehmir{at}mcmaster.ca

Eosinophil lineage–committed progenitors increase in the bone marrow of subjects with asthma developing allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and eosinophilia. Also, higher numbers of circulating eosinophil/basophil cfu have been demonstrated 24 hours after allergen inhalation and in bronchial and nasal biopsies of allergic individuals. These cells may undergo in situ eosinophilopoiesis, suggesting that after allergen inhalation, progenitor cells traffic from the bone marrow to the airways, providing an ongoing source of effector cells. To examine this possibility, CD34+ and CD34+IL-5R{alpha}+ cells were measured in induced sputum from allergic subjects with asthma at baseline and at 7 and 24 hours after allergen and diluent inhalation, using flow cytometry. Isolated early responders (n = 9) were contrasted to dual responders (n = 9), who develop allergen-induced sputum and blood eosinophilia and airway hyperresponsiveness, and to normal control subjects. At baseline, there were significantly fewer sputum eosinophils and CD34+ cells in normal control subjects compared with subjects with asthma. Sputum CD34+ cells increased at 7 hours after allergen inhalation in both groups of subjects with asthma, which was sustained at 24 hours in the dual responder group only, associated with sustained increases in sputum CD34+IL-5R{alpha}+ cells, eosinophils, and interleukin-5. These results indicate that eosinophil progenitors can migrate to the airways and may differentiate toward an eosinophilic phenotype.

Key Words: stem cell mobilization • asthma • airway




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