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Published ahead of print on October 2, 2003, doi:10.1164/rccm.200304-499OC
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American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Vol 169. pp. 70-76, (2004)
© 2004 American Thoracic Society

Reduced Interferon {gamma} Production and Soluble CD14 Levels in Early Life Predict Recurrent Wheezing by 1 Year of Age

Stefano Guerra, I. Carla Lohman, Marilyn Halonen, Fernando D. Martinez and Anne L. Wright

Arizona Respiratory Center, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona

Correspondence and requests for reprints should be addressed to Anne L Wright, Ph.D., Arizona Respiratory Center, University of Arizona, 1501 North Campbell Avenue, P.O. Box 245030, Tucson, AZ 85724-5030. E-mail: awright{at}resp-sci.arizona.edu

It is unknown whether reduced production of IFN{gamma} in early life, before any lower respiratory tract illness, is a risk factor for recurrent wheezing in infancy. We followed 238 infants prospectively from birth to 1 year of age. At birth and at 3 months of age, IFN{gamma} production from polyclonally stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells and soluble CD14 (sCD14) levels in plasma were measured. The odds of developing recurrent wheezing (assessed by questionnaire) in the first year of life were up to 4.5 times higher for children in the lowest quartile of IFN{gamma} production at 3 months (p = 0.0005) and 3.2 times higher for children in the lowest quartile of sCD14 levels at birth (p = 0.004) as compared with children in the other 3 combined quartiles of IFN{gamma} and sCD14, respectively. Findings were confirmed in the multivariate analysis. IFN{gamma} production at 3 months and sCD14 levels at birth were correlated (r = 0.188, p = 0.031). Our findings from a longitudinal cohort suggest that impaired IFN{gamma} production at 3 months and reduced plasma-sCD14 levels at birth significantly increase the risk of developing recurrent wheezing in the first year of life.

Key Words: wheezing • asthma • IFN{gamma} • CD14 antigen • LPS receptor




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