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Published ahead of print on April 30, 2003, doi:10.1164/rccm.200301-145OC
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American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Vol 168. pp. 318-322, (2003)
© 2003 American Thoracic Society

Human Pulmonary Chimerism after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Benjamin T. Suratt, Carlyne D. Cool, Amanda E. Serls, Lin Chen, Marileila Varella-Garcia, Elizabeth J. Shpall, Kevin K. Brown and G. Scott Worthen

Department of Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont; Departments of Pathology and Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine; and National Jewish Medical and Research Center, Denver, Colorado

Correspondence and requests for reprints should be addressed to Benjamin T. Suratt, M.D., Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Vermont Health Sciences Research Facility, Room 230, 149 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT 05405. E-mail: benjamin.suratt{at}uvm.edu

Many of the body's tissues once thought to be only locally regenerative may, in fact, be actively replaced by circulating stem cells after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Localization of donor-derived cells ("chimerism") has recently been shown to occur in the lungs of mice after either hematopoietic stem cell transplantation or infusion of cultured marrow. To determine whether tissues of the human lung might be similarly derived from extrapulmonary sources, we examined lung specimens from a retrospective cohort of female allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients who received stem cells from male donors. Tissue samples from three such patients who had undergone diagnostic lung biopsy or autopsy were examined. Slides were stained by immunohistochemistry for cytokeratin (epithelium) and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule, CD31 (PECAM) (endothelium) and were imaged and then examined by fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis to identify male cells. The resulting overlapping in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry images were examined for the presence and, if present, cell type of donor cells in the lung. We found significant rates of epithelial (2.5–8.0%) and endothelial (37.5–42.3%) chimerism. These results suggest that significant chimerism of the human lung may follow hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and that adult human stem cells could potentially play a therapeutic role in treatment of the damaged lung.

Key Words: bone marrow transplantation • stem cells • cell lineage • endothelium, vascular/cytology • epithelial cells/cytology




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