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Published ahead of print on April 17, 2003, doi:10.1164/rccm.200208-829OC
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American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Vol 168. pp. 192-198, (2003)
© 2003 American Thoracic Society

Original Article

Sputum Sol Neutrophil Elastase Activity in Bronchiectasis

Differential Modulation by Syndecan-1

Stanley C. H. Chan, Daisy K. Y. Shum and Mary S. M. Ip

Departments of Biochemistry and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

Correspondence and requests for reprints should be addressed to D. K. Y. Shum, Ph.D., Department of Biochemistry, University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong, China. E-mail: shumdkhk{at}hkucc.hku.hk

The persistently dominant activity of neutrophil elastase in bronchial secretions replete with antielastases is crucial to the pathogenesis of bronchiectasis. We hypothesize that components in the bronchial secretions bind neutrophil elastase and compromise the inhibitory efficiency of prevailing antielastases. Zymographic analysis of sputum sols from patients with bronchiectasis found elastase activity in a polydisperse, alcian blue-stained zone of high molecular mass. This suggested that neutrophil elastase was complexed with polyanionic partners. Western blot analysis found not only the polyanionic partner, heparan sulfate/syndecan-1, but also the physiological antielastases, secretory leukoproteinase inhibitor and {alpha}1-antitrypsin, in the complex. Both dissociative density gradient ultracentrifugation and heparin displacement revealed that elastase dissociated from heparan sulfate/syndecan-1 was fully inhibited by the endogenous antielastases. This contrasts with the effects of exogenous antielastases on sputum neutrophil elastase activity—that of {alpha}1-antitrypsin was limited, but that of secretory leukoproteinase inhibitor was facilitated. Similarly, complexed elastase on blots of sputum sol zymographs was bound and inhibited by exogenous secretory leukoproteinase inhibitor but not by exogenous {alpha}1-antitrypsin. Taken together, the results bring a new focus to heparan sulfate/syndecan-1 complexed with neutrophil elastase in inflamed bronchial secretions as a target for modulating elastase susceptibility to physiological antielastases.

Key Words: {alpha}1-antitrypsin • heparan sulfate proteoglycans • proteinase • secretory leukoproteinase inhibitor




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