Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., Volume 164, Number 10, November 2001, 1879-1884

Exhaled Nitric Oxide Decreases during Exercise-induced Bronchoconstriction in Children with Asthma

AKIHIKO TERADA, TAKAO FUJISAWA, KENJI TOGASHI, TATSUTAKA MIYAZAKI, HAJIME KATSUMATA, JUN ATSUTA, KOUSEI IGUCHI, HITOSHI KAMIYA, and HAJIME TOGARI

Department of Pediatrics and Allergy, National Mie Hospital; Department of Health and Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Mie University, Mie; and Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya City University Medical School, Nagoya City, Japan

Nitric oxide (NO) produced in the airways can be either detrimental or protective to the host. To investigate the role of NO in the pathogenesis of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), we measured exhaled NO (ENO) after exercise challenge in 39 asthmatic and six normal children. FEV₁ and ENO were measured before and at 0, 5, 10, and 15 min after exercise performed on a treadmill for 6 min. EIB was defined as a decrease in FEV₁ of more than 15% after the exercise. Normal children (control group) did not have EIB. Twenty-one patients with asthma had EIB (EIB group) whereas the remaining 18 patients did not (non-EIB group). The baseline ENO value was significantly higher in the asthmatic children than in the normal children, and there was a positive correlation between the maximal percent decrease in FEV₁ and the baseline ENO value (r = 0.501, p = 0.012). At the end of the exercise, ENO had decreased in all the subjects. In the non-EIB and control groups, ENO rebounded to above the baseline at 5 min after the exercise and thereafter. In contrast, ENO remained at a decreased level in the EIB group. The change in ENO did not correlate with the change in minute ventilation, and -agonist inhalation at the peak of EIB that accelerated the recovery of FEV₁ did not affect the depressed level of ENO, demonstrating that the reduction of ENO is not a simple consequence of increased ventilation nor airway obstruction. Among the EIB group, steroid-treated patients showed sooner recovery in ENO after the exercise than steroid-naive patients. Our study suggests that NO production in response to exercise may be impaired in patients with EIB, and that ENO represents not only airway inflammation but also a protective function of NO in EIB.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				M. Barreto, M. P. Villa, C. Olita, S. Martella, G. Ciabattoni, and P. Montuschi 8-Isoprostane in Exhaled Breath Condensate and Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction in Asthmatic Children and Adolescents Chest, January 1, 2009; 135(1): 66 - 73. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H.-W. Shin, C. D. Schwindt, A. S. Aledia, C. M. Rose-Gottron, J. K. Larson, R. L. Newcomb, D. M. Cooper, and S. C. George Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction alters airway nitric oxide exchange in a pattern distinct from spirometry Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, December 1, 2006; 291(6): R1741 - R1748. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				ATS/ERS Recommendations for Standardized Procedures for the Online and Offline Measurement of Exhaled Lower Respiratory Nitric Oxide and Nasal Nitric Oxide, 2005 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., April 15, 2005; 171(8): 912 - 930. [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. M. ElHalawani, N. T. Ly, R. T. Mahon, and D. E. Amundson Exhaled Nitric Oxide as a Predictor of Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction Chest, August 1, 2003; 124(2): 639 - 643. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. J. TOBIN Pediatrics, Surfactant, and Cystic Fibrosis in AJRCCM 2001 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., March 1, 2002; 165(5): 619 - 630. [Full Text] [PDF]