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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., Volume 163, Number 5, April 2001, 1121-1127

Differential Effects of Airway Anesthesia on Ozone-induced Pulmonary Responses in Human Subjects

EDWARD S. SCHELEGLE, MARLOWE W. ELDRIDGE, CARROLL E. CROSS, WILLIAM F. WALBY, and WILLIAM C. ADAMS

Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, and Departments of Pediatrics and Pulmonary Critical-Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California

We examined the effect of tetracaine aerosol inhalation, a local anesthetic, on lung volume decrements, rapid shallow breathing, and subjective symptoms of breathing discomfort induced by the acute inhalation of 0.30 ppm ozone for 65 min in 22 ozone-sensitive healthy human subjects. After 50 min of ozone inhalation FEV1 was reduced 24%, breathing frequency was increased 40%, tidal volume was decreased 31%, and total subjective symptom score was increased (71.2, compared with 3.8 for filtered air exposure). Inhalation of tetracaine aerosol resulted in marked reductions in ozone-induced subjective symptoms of throat tickle and/or irritation (92.1%), cough (78.5%), shortness of breath (72.5%), and pain on deep inspiration (69.4%). In contrast, inhalation of tetracaine aerosol (mass median aerodynamic diameter of 3.52 µm with a geometric standard deviation of 1.92) resulted in only minor and inconsistent rectification of FEV1 decrements (5.0%) and breathing frequency (-3.8%) that was not significantly different from that produced by saline aerosol alone (FEV1, 5.1% and breathing frequency, -2.7%). Our data are consistent with afferent endings located within the large conducting airways of the tracheobronchial tree being primarily responsible for ozone-induced subjective symptoms and provides strong evidence that ozone-induced inhibition of maximal inspiratory effort is not dependent on conscious sensations of inspiratory discomfort.




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