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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., Volume 163, Number 4, March 2001, 854-858

Increased Nitrosothiols in Exhaled Breath Condensate in Inflammatory Airway Diseases

MASSIMO CORRADI, PAOLO MONTUSCHI, LOUISE E. DONNELLY, ALBERTO PESCI, SERGEI A. KHARITONOV, and PETER J. BARNES

Institute of Respiratory Diseases, University of Parma, Italy; Department of Thoracic Medicine, Imperial College School of Medicine at the National Heart and Lung Institute, London, United Kingdom

Nitrosothiols (RS-NOs) are formed by interaction of nitric oxide (NO) with glutathione and may limit the detrimental effect of NO. Because NO generation is increased in airway inflammation, we have measured RS-NOs in exhaled breath condensate in patients with asthma, cystic fibrosis, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We also measured exhaled NO and nitrite (NO2-) in the same subjects. RS-NOs were detectable in exhaled breath condensate of all subjects. RS-NOs were higher in subjects with severe asthma (0.81 ± 0.06 µM) when compared with normal control subjects (0.11 ± 0.02 µM, p < 0.01) and with subjects with mild asthma (0.08 ± 0.01 µM, p < 0.01). Elevated RS-NOs values were also found in patients with cystic fibrosis (0.35 ± 0.07 µM, p < 0.01), in those with COPD (0.24 ± 0.04 µM, p < 0.01) and in smokers (0.46 ± 0.09 µM, p < 0.01). In current smokers there was a correlation (r = 0.8, p < 0.05) between RS-NOs values and smoking history (pack/year). We also found elevated concentrations of NO2- in patients with severe asthma, cystic fibrosis, or COPD, but not in smokers or patients with mild asthma. This suggests that exhaled NO2- is less sensitive than exhaled RS-NOs. This study has shown that RS-NOs are detectable in exhaled breath condensate of healthy subjects and are increased in patients with inflammatory airway diseases. As RS-NOs concentrations in exhaled breath condensate vary in the different airway diseases and increase with the severity of asthma, their measurement may have clinical relevance as a noninvasive biomarker of nitrosative stress.




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