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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., Volume 163, Number 3, March 2001, 685-689

Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea and Related Clinical Features in a Population-based Sample of Subjects Aged 30 to 70 Yr

JOAQUIN DURÁN, SANTIAGO ESNAOLA, RAMÓN RUBIO, and ÁNGELES IZTUETA

Sleep Unit, Service of Pneumology, Hospital Txagorritxu, Servicio Vasco de Salud---Osakidetza, José Achótegui s/n, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Research Unit, Department of Health, Basque Government, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; and Basque Institute of Statistics, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain

The prevalence and related clinical features of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea (OSAH) in the general population were estimated in a two-phase cross-sectional study. The first phase, completed by 2,148 subjects (76.9%), included a home survey, blood pressure, and a portable respiratory recording, whereas in the second, subjects with suspected OSAH (n = 442) and a subgroup of those with normal results (n = 305) were invited to undergo polysomnography (555 accepted). Habitual snoring was found in 35% of the population and breathing pauses in 6%. Both features occurred more frequently in men, showed a trend to increase with age, and were significantly associated with OSAH. Daytime hypersomnolence occurred in 18% of the subjects and was not associated with OSAH. An apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) >=  10 was found in 19% of men and 15% of women. The prevalence of OSAH (AHI >=  5) increased with age in both sexes, with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.2 for each 10-yr increase. AHI was associated with hypertension after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, neck circumference, alcohol use, and smoking habit. This study adds evidence for a link between OSAH and hypertension.




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