help button home button
AJRCCM
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow reprints & permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by AGERBERTH, B.
Right arrow Articles by GUDMUNDSSON, G. H.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by AGERBERTH, B.
Right arrow Articles by GUDMUNDSSON, G. H.

Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., Volume 160, Number 1, July 1999, 283-290

Antibacterial Components in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid from Healthy Individuals and Sarcoidosis Patients

BIRGITTA AGERBERTH, JOHAN GRUNEWALD, ESMERALDA CASTAÑOS-VELEZ, BERIT OLSSON, HANS JÖRNVALL, HANS WIGZELL, ANDERS EKLUND, and GUDMUNDUR H. GUDMUNDSSON

Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, and Microbiology and Tumorbiology Center, Karolinska Institutet; Department of Medicine and Immunopathology Laboratory, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

Antibacterial peptides and proteins are an integral part of the epithelial defense barrier that provides immediate protection against bacterial invasion. In humans, alpha -defensins are mainly bactericidal effectors in circulating granulocytes, beta -defensin-1 is synthesized in epithelial cells, and LL-37 is produced in granulocytes but is also induced in skin epithelia during inflammation. To investigate the importance of these defense effectors in disease, we analyzed bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) for bactericidal activity. Antibacterial activity was found in BALF material from healthy individuals and sarcoidosis patients, with enhanced activity in BALF from the patients. The activity was present as several antibacterial components, of which we have so far characterized LL-37, lysozyme, alpha -defensins, and antileukoprotease. In addition, the antibacterial peptide LL-37 was located in alveolar macrophages, bronchial epithelial cells, and bronchial glands, suggesting that it has a defensive role in airway mucosa. In conclusion, the airway epithelium is protected by a complex antibacterial defense system. This is activated in sarcoidosis, and may explain why these patients seldom develop severe respiratory tract infections.




This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 JEMHome page
D. Ganguly, G. Chamilos, R. Lande, J. Gregorio, S. Meller, V. Facchinetti, B. Homey, F. J. Barrat, T. Zal, and M. Gilliet
Self-RNA-antimicrobial peptide complexes activate human dendritic cells through TLR7 and TLR8
J. Exp. Med., August 31, 2009; 206(9): 1983 - 1994.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
G. Bergsson, E. P. Reeves, P. McNally, S. H. Chotirmall, C. M. Greene, P. Greally, P. Murphy, S. J. O'Neill, and N. G. McElvaney
LL-37 Complexation with Glycosaminoglycans in Cystic Fibrosis Lungs Inhibits Antimicrobial Activity, Which Can Be Restored by Hypertonic Saline
J. Immunol., July 1, 2009; 183(1): 543 - 551.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ChestHome page
G. Paone, G. Lucantoni, A. Leone, P. Graziano, R. Gasbarra, G. Galluccio, S. D'Antoni, G. Puglisi, E. Girardi, and G. Schmid
Human Neutrophil Peptides Stimulate Tumor Necrosis Factor-{alpha} Release by Alveolar Macrophages From Patients With Sarcoidosis
Chest, February 1, 2009; 135(2): 586 - 587.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 JDRHome page
G. Diamond, N. Beckloff, and L.K. Ryan
Host Defense Peptides in the Oral Cavity and the Lung: Similarities and Differences
Journal of Dental Research, October 1, 2008; 87(10): 915 - 927.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Leukoc. Biol.Home page
Z. Zhang, G. Cherryholmes, and J. E. Shively
Neutrophil secondary necrosis is induced by LL-37 derived from cathelicidin
J. Leukoc. Biol., September 1, 2008; 84(3): 780 - 788.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Infect. Immun.Home page
E. M. Galvan, M. A. S. Lasaro, and D. M. Schifferli
Capsular Antigen Fraction 1 and Pla Modulate the Susceptibility of Yersinia pestis to Pulmonary Antimicrobial Peptides Such as Cathelicidin
Infect. Immun., April 1, 2008; 76(4): 1456 - 1464.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Int ImmunolHome page
K. Kandler, R. Shaykhiev, P. Kleemann, F. Klescz, M. Lohoff, C. Vogelmeier, and R. Bals
The anti-microbial peptide LL-37 inhibits the activation of dendritic cells by TLR ligands
Int. Immunol., December 1, 2006; 18(12): 1729 - 1736.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Innate ImmunityHome page
J. Andra, T. Gutsmann, P. Garidel, and K. Brandenburg
Invited review: Mechanisms of endotoxin neutralization by synthetic cationic compounds
Innate Immunity, October 1, 2006; 12(5): 261 - 277.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio.Home page
K. Edfeldt, B. Agerberth, M. E. Rottenberg, G. H. Gudmundsson, X.-B. Wang, K. Mandal, Q. Xu, and Z.-q. Yan
Involvement of the Antimicrobial Peptide LL-37 in Human Atherosclerosis
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, July 1, 2006; 26(7): 1551 - 1557.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
R. Raqib, P. Sarker, P. Bergman, G. Ara, M. Lindh, D. A. Sack, K. M. Nasirul Islam, G. H. Gudmundsson, J. Andersson, and B. Agerberth
From the Cover: Improved outcome in shigellosis associated with butyrate induction of an endogenous peptide antibiotic
PNAS, June 13, 2006; 103(24): 9178 - 9183.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ThoraxHome page
E Sapey and R A Stockley
COPD exacerbations {middle dot} 2: Aetiology.
Thorax, March 1, 2006; 61(3): 250 - 258.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol.Home page
R. Shaykhiev, C. Beisswenger, K. Kandler, J. Senske, A. Puchner, T. Damm, J. Behr, and R. Bals
Human endogenous antibiotic LL-37 stimulates airway epithelial cell proliferation and wound closure
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, November 1, 2005; 289(5): L842 - L848.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Leukoc. Biol.Home page
D. M. E. Bowdish, D. J. Davidson, Y. E. Lau, K. Lee, M. G. Scott, and R. E. W. Hancock
Impact of LL-37 on anti-infective immunity
J. Leukoc. Biol., April 1, 2005; 77(4): 451 - 459.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
T. D. Starner, B. Agerberth, G. H. Gudmundsson, and P. B. McCray Jr.
Expression and Activity of {beta}-Defensins and LL-37 in the Developing Human Lung
J. Immunol., February 1, 2005; 174(3): 1608 - 1615.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Infect. Immun.Home page
M. A. Campos, M. A. Vargas, V. Regueiro, C. M. Llompart, S. Alberti, and J. A. Bengoechea
Capsule Polysaccharide Mediates Bacterial Resistance to Antimicrobial Peptides
Infect. Immun., December 1, 2004; 72(12): 7107 - 7114.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.Home page
Y. Wang, G. Walter, E. Herting, B. Agerberth, and J. Johansson
Antibacterial Activities of the Cathelicidins Prophenin (Residues 62 to 79) and LL-37 in the Presence of a Lung Surfactant Preparation
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., June 1, 2004; 48(6): 2097 - 2100.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
D. M. E. Bowdish, D. J. Davidson, D. P. Speert, and R. E. W. Hancock
The Human Cationic Peptide LL-37 Induces Activation of the Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase and p38 Kinase Pathways in Primary Human Monocytes
J. Immunol., March 15, 2004; 172(6): 3758 - 3765.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur Respir JHome page
R. Bals and P.S. Hiemstra
Innate immunity in the lung: how epithelial cells fight against respiratory pathogens
Eur. Respir. J., February 1, 2004; 23(2): 327 - 333.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Leukoc. Biol.Home page
T. Ganz
Antimicrobial polypeptides
J. Leukoc. Biol., January 1, 2004; 75(1): 34 - 38.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
G. S. Tjabringa, J. Aarbiou, D. K. Ninaber, J. W. Drijfhout, O. E. Sorensen, N. Borregaard, K. F. Rabe, and P. S. Hiemstra
The Antimicrobial Peptide LL-37 Activates Innate Immunity at the Airway Epithelial Surface by Transactivation of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor
J. Immunol., December 15, 2003; 171(12): 6690 - 6696.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
O. E. Sorensen, L. Gram, A. H. Johnsen, E. Andersson, S. Bangsboll, G. S. Tjabringa, P. S. Hiemstra, J. Malm, A. Egesten, and N. Borregaard
Processing of Seminal Plasma hCAP-18 to ALL-38 by Gastricsin: A NOVEL MECHANISM OF GENERATING ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES IN VAGINA
J. Biol. Chem., August 1, 2003; 278(31): 28540 - 28546.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.Home page
H. Sahly, S. Schubert, J. Harder, P. Rautenberg, U. Ullmann, J. Schroder, and R. Podschun
Burkholderia Is Highly Resistant to Human Beta-Defensin 3
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., May 1, 2003; 47(5): 1739 - 1741.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 GutHome page
J Schauber, C Svanholm, S Termen, K Iffland, T Menzel, W Scheppach, R Melcher, B Agerberth, H Luhrs, and G H Gudmundsson
Expression of the cathelicidin LL-37 is modulated by short chain fatty acids in colonocytes: relevance of signalling pathways
Gut, May 1, 2003; 52(5): 735 - 741.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 Innate ImmunityHome page
A. Wiese, T. Gutsmann, and U. Seydel
Review: Towards antibacterial strategies: studies on the mechanisms of interaction between antibacterial peptides and model membranes
Innate Immunity, April 1, 2003; 9(2): 67 - 84.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol.Home page
K.-J. Kim and A. B. Malik
Protein transport across the lung epithelial barrier
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, February 1, 2003; 284(2): L247 - L259.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
S. SCHALLER-BALS, A. SCHULZE, and R. BALS
Increased Levels of Antimicrobial Peptides in Tracheal Aspirates of Newborn Infants during Infection
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., April 1, 2002; 165(7): 992 - 995.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur Respir JHome page
R. Crameri and K. Blaser
Allergy and immunity to fungal infections and colonization
Eur. Respir. J., January 1, 2002; 19(1): 151 - 157.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Leukoc. Biol.Home page
Y. Tsutsumi-Ishii and I. Nagaoka
NF-{kappa}B-mediated transcriptional regulation of human {beta}-defensin-2 gene following lipopolysaccharide stimulation
J. Leukoc. Biol., January 1, 2002; 71(1): 154 - 162.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BloodHome page
O. E. Sorensen, P. Follin, A. H. Johnsen, J. Calafat, G. S. Tjabringa, P. S. Hiemstra, and N. Borregaard
Human cathelicidin, hCAP-18, is processed to the antimicrobial peptide LL-37 by extracellular cleavage with proteinase 3
Blood, June 15, 2001; 97(12): 3951 - 3959.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Antimicrob ChemotherHome page
C. M. A. Linde, S. E. Hoffner, E. Refai, and M. Andersson
In vitro activity of PR-39, a proline-arginine-rich peptide, against susceptible and multi-drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis
J. Antimicrob. Chemother., May 1, 2001; 47(5): 575 - 580.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ANN INTERN MEDHome page
M. H. Kollef and V. J. Fraser
Antibiotic Resistance in the Intensive Care Unit
Ann Intern Med, February 20, 2001; 134(4): 298 - 314.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BloodHome page
B. Agerberth, J. Charo, J. Werr, B. Olsson, F. Idali, L. Lindbom, R. Kiessling, H. Jornvall, H. Wigzell, and G. H. Gudmundsson
The human antimicrobial and chemotactic peptides LL-37 and alpha -defensins are expressed by specific lymphocyte and monocyte populations
Blood, November 1, 2000; 96(9): 3086 - 3093.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
B. AGERBERTH, J. GRUNEWALD, E. CASTAÑOS-VELEZ, B. OLSSON, H. JÖRNVALL, H. WIGZELL, A. EKLUND, and G. H. GUDMUNDSSON
Antibacterial Components in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid from Healthy Individuals and Sarcoidosis Patients
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., July 1, 1999; 160(1): 283 - 290.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
Proc. Am. Thorac. Soc. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol.
Copyright © 1999 American Thoracic Society 		  Red In Translatin