Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., Volume 159, Number 5, May 1999, 1653-1659

Helper T Cell Type 1 and 2 Cytokines Regulate C-C Chemokine Expression in Mouse Pleural Mesothelial Cells

KAMAL A. MOHAMMED, NAJMUNNISA NASREEN, MELISSA J. WARD, and VEENA B. ANTONY

Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana

The recruitment of leukocytes to an area of injury or inflammation site is one of the most fundamental host defenses. Pulmonary tuberculosis is characterized by granulomatous inflammation with an extensive infiltration of mononuclear cells. In tuberculous pleurisy pleural mesothelial cells are exposed to mycobacteria in the pleural space. In this study we demonstrate that mouse pleural mesothelial cells (PMCs), when stimulated with BCG or IFN-, produced MIP-1 and MCP-1 in vitro. IFN- enhanced the BCG-mediated MIP-1 and MCP-1 expression in a concentration-dependent manner. The RT-PCR studies also confirmed that both BCG and IFN- induce chemokine expression. IL-4 inhibited the BCG-mediated MIP-1 and MCP-1 expression in a concentration-dependent manner. The lower concentrations of IL-4 were ineffective; however, at higher concentrations, the inhibitory effect of IL-4 persisted for 24 h and decreased thereafter. BCG stimulation resulted in an increase of IFN- and IL-4 receptors on PMCs. Our results demonstrate that Th1 and Th2 cytokines may regulate the C-C chemokine expression in PMCs and thus play a biologically important role in mononuclear cell recruitment to the pleural space.

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