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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., Volume 159, Number 1, January 1999, 31-36

Protective Effects of Inhaled PGE2 on Allergen-induced Airway Responses and Airway Inflammation

GAIL M. GAUVREAU, RICK M. WATSON, and PAUL M. O'BYRNE

Asthma Research Group, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Inhalation of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) had been reported to prevent allergen-induced bronchoconstrictor responses; however, the effects of inhaled PGE2 on allergen-induced airway inflammation or hyperresponsiveness after allergen are unknown. This study examined the effects of inhaled PGE2 on allergen-induced airway responses and inflammation. Eight mild asthmatics with a dual airway response to inhaled allergen were recruited into a double-blind randomized crossover study comparing the effects of inhaled PGE2 (100 µg) or placebo, on allergen-induced changes in FEV1 measured for 7 h, induced sputum inflammatory cells, obtained at baseline, 7 and 24 h, and methacholine airway responsiveness measured at 24 h after challenge. Inhaled PGE2 attenuated the allergen-induced early fall in FEV1 from 24.4 ± 3.6% after placebo to 10.3 ± 2.5% after PGE2 (p = 0.002), the late fall in FEV1 from 21.2 ± 2.7% after placebo to 12.6 ± 3.6% after PGE2 (p = 0.03), allergen-induced methacholine airway hyperresponsiveness (p = 0.03) and allergen-induced increases in percent sputum eosinophils from 36.3 ± 8.8% after placebo to 21.0 ± 7.3% after PGE2 (p = 0.01), percentage of EG2+ cells (p = 0.02), and percentage of metachromatic cells (p = 0.02). These results indicate that inhaled PGE2 attenuates allergen-induced airway responses, hyperresponsiveness, and inflammation, when given immediately before inhaled allergen.




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