Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., Volume 158, Number 5, November 1998, 1459-1464

Determinants of Maximal Inspiratory Pressure
The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging

RAIDA I. HARIK-KHAN, ROBERT A. WISE, and JAMES L. FOZARD

Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Gerontology Research Center, Baltimore; and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland

A variety of methods for subject selection and test procedures have been used for the determination of normal values and reference equations for maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP). In the cross-sectional study described here, we made MIP measurements on 668 men and women in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA), using a standardized electronic procedure. Results were combined with spirometric and anthropometric measurements. After subjecting them to rigorous health screening, we analyzed a well-defined, healthy subgroup of 139 men and 128 women with a wide age range (20 to 90 yr), using multiple linear regression, for the purpose of determining the effect of age, other correlates, normal values, and gender-specific reference equations for MIP. The gender effect was strong, with the average MIP values of the men being about 30% higher than those of the women (101 cm H₂O and 72 cm H₂O, respectively). The reference equation for men is: MIP ± standard error of the estimate (SEE) = 126  1.028 × age + 0.343 × weight (kg) ± (22.4); and for women: MIP ± SEE = 171  0.694 × age + 0.861 × weight (kg)  0.743 × height (cm) ± (18.5). These equations may be used for the assessment of inspiratory muscle strength.

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