Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., Volume 158, Number 1, July 1998, 270-278

Effects of rSP-C Surfactant on Oxygenation and Histology in a Rat-Lung-Lavage Model of Acute Lung Injury

DIETRICH HÄFNER, PAUL-GEORG GERMANN, and DIETER HAUSCHKE

Departments of Respiratory Pharmacology and Biometry, and Institute of Pathology and Toxicology, Byk Gulden, Konstanz, Germany

We have tested two surfactant preparations with the same phospholipid (PL) composition, containing recombinant surfactant protein-C (rSP-C surfactant) and without SP-C (plain PL surfactant). The effects of rSP-C surfactant were compared with the bovine-derived surfactant preparations Alveofact, bLES, and Infasurf in a lung lavage model, with surfactant given 1 h after the last lavage. The effects of surfactant treatment on histopathologic changes (e.g., hyaline-membrane formation) and improvement of oxygenation were compared with changes in untreated controls. The surfactants were given in doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg PL/kg body weight. At 120 min after treatment, only the protein-containing surfactants showed a statistically significant increasing dose dependence with respect to improving oxygenation. The values were 318 ± 120 mm Hg, 443 ± 58 mm Hg, and 480 ± 43 mm Hg (mean ± SD) for the three doses of rSP-C surfactant and 105 ± 81 mm Hg, 100 ± 69 mm Hg, and 131 ± 108 mm Hg for the three doses of PL surfactant. The respective values for Alveofact were 104 ± 81 mm Hg, 105 ± 93 mm Hg, and 260 ± 143 mm Hg; for bLES 373 ± 138 mm Hg, 441 ± 88 mm Hg, and 467 ± 43 mm Hg; and for Infasurf 146 ± 96 mm Hg, 284 ± 178 mm Hg, and 436 ± 70 mm Hg. The oxygen values of controls remained low, at 74 ± 46 mm Hg. Only the protein-containing surfactants dose-dependently inhibited the formation of hyaline membranes. We conclude that rSP-C surfactant is at least as effective as bovine-derived surfactants. Furthermore, the data imply that the difference between plain PL surfactant preparations and bovine-derived surfactant preparations containing both SP-B and SP-C can be overcome by addition of SP-C. Häfner D, Germann P-G, Hauschke D. Effects of rSP-C surfactant on oxygenation and histology in a rat-lung-lavage model of acute lung injury.

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