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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., Volume 157, Number 3, March 1998, 822-826

CD8+ T-Lymphocytes in Peripheral Airways of Smokers with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

MARINA SAETTA, ANTONINO Di STEFANO, GRAZIELLA TURATO, FABRIZIO M. FACCHINI, LAURA CORBINO, CRISTINA E. MAPP, PIERO MAESTRELLI, ADALBERTO CIACCIA, and LEONARDO M. FABBRI

Institute of Occupational Medicine, University of Padova; Fondazione S. Maugeri, Centro Medico Veruno; and Institute of Respiratory Diseases, University of Ferrara, Italy

To investigate whether the inflammatory process in peripheral airways is different in smokers who develop symptoms of chronic bronchitis and chronic airflow limitation and in asymptomatic smokers who do not develop chronic airflow limitation, we examined surgical specimens obtained from 16 smokers undergoing lung resection for localized pulmonary lesions. Nine had symptoms of chronic bronchitis and chronic airflow limitation and seven were asymptomatic with normal lung function. In peripheral airways, immunohistochemical methods were performed to identify neutrophils, macrophages, CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes infiltrating the airway wall, and morphometric methods were used to measure the internal perimeter, the airway wall area, and the smooth muscle area. The number of CD8+ T-lymphocytes and the smooth muscle area were increased in smokers with symptoms of chronic bronchitis and chronic airflow limitation as compared with asymptomatic smokers with normal lung function, while the number of neutrophils, macrophages, and CD4+ T-lymphocytes were similar in the two groups of subjects examined. We concluded that smokers who develop symptoms of chronic bronchitis and chronic airflow limitation have an increased number of CD8+ T-lymphocytes and an increased smooth muscle area in the peripheral airways as compared with asymptomatic smokers with normal lung function, supporting the important role of CD8+ T-lymphocytes and airway remodeling in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.




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Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., April 1, 2004; 30(4): 438 - 448.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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L Wu, J Chau, R P Young, V Pokorny, G D Mills, R Hopkins, L McLean, and P N Black
Transforming growth factor-{beta}1 genotype and susceptibility to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Thorax, February 1, 2004; 59(2): 126 - 129.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Eur Respir JHome page
E. Gamble, W. Burns, J. Zhu, T. Ansari, V. De Rose, J. Kips, N.C. Barnes, and P.K. Jeffery
Variation of CD8+ T-lymphocytes around the bronchial internal perimeter in chronic bronchitis
Eur. Respir. J., December 1, 2003; 22(6): 992 - 995.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
E. Gamble, D. C. Grootendorst, C. E. Brightling, S. Troy, Y. Qiu, J. Zhu, D. Parker, D. Matin, S. Majumdar, A. M. Vignola, et al.
Antiinflammatory Effects of the Phosphodiesterase-4 Inhibitor Cilomilast (Ariflo) in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., October 15, 2003; 168(8): 976 - 982.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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P.J. Barnes, S.D. Shapiro, and R.A. Pauwels
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: molecular and cellularmechanisms
Eur. Respir. J., October 1, 2003; 22(4): 672 - 688.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol.Home page
S. J. Hodge, G. L. Hodge, P. N. Reynolds, R. Scicchitano, and M. Holmes
Increased production of TGF-{beta} and apoptosis of T lymphocytes isolated from peripheral blood in COPD
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, August 1, 2003; 285(2): L492 - L499.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Appl. Physiol.Home page
A. Corsico, M. Milanese, S. Baraldo, G. L. Casoni, A. Papi, A. M. Riccio, I. Cerveri, M. Saetta, and V. Brusasco
Small airway morphology and lung function in the transition from normality to chronic airway obstruction
J Appl Physiol, July 1, 2003; 95(1): 441 - 447.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 RadiologyHome page
P. Berger, F. Laurent, H. Begueret, V. Perot, R. Rouiller, C. Raherison, M. Molimard, R. Marthan, and J. M. Tunon-de-Lara
Structure and Function of Small Airways in Smokers: Relationship between Air Trapping at CT and Airway Inflammation
Radiology, July 1, 2003; 228(1): 85 - 94.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
L. Benayoun, A. Druilhe, M.-C. Dombret, M. Aubier, and M. Pretolani
Airway Structural Alterations Selectively Associated with Severe Asthma
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., May 15, 2003; 167(10): 1360 - 1368.
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A.G.N. Agusti, A. Noguera, J. Sauleda, E. Sala, J. Pons, and X. Busquets
Systemic effects of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Eur. Respir. J., February 1, 2003; 21(2): 347 - 360.
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 ChestHome page
H. Kanazawa, K. Hirata, and J. Yoshikawa
Accelerated Decline of Lung Function in COPD Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection: A Preliminary Study Based on Small Numbers of Patients
Chest, February 1, 2003; 123(2): 596 - 599.
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 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
L. M. Fabbri, M. Romagnoli, L. Corbetta, G. Casoni, K. Busljetic, G. Turato, G. Ligabue, A. Ciaccia, M. Saetta, and A. Papi
Differences in Airway Inflammation in Patients with Fixed Airflow Obstruction Due to Asthma or Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., February 1, 2003; 167(3): 418 - 424.
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M J Leckie, G R Jenkins, J Khan, S J Smith, C Walker, P J Barnes, and T T Hansel
Sputum T lymphocytes in asthma, COPD and healthy subjects have the phenotype of activated intraepithelial T cells (CD69+ CD103+)
Thorax, January 1, 2003; 58(1): 23 - 29.
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A J White, S Gompertz, and R A Stockley
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease * 6: The aetiology of exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Thorax, January 1, 2003; 58(1): 73 - 80.
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A.S. Buist
Similarities and differences between asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: treatment and early outcomes
Eur. Respir. J., January 1, 2003; 21(39_suppl): 30S - 35s.
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 Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Bio.Home page
A. R. Kranenburg, W. I. de Boer, J. H. J.M. van Krieken, W. J. Mooi, J. E. Walters, P. R. Saxena, P. J. Sterk, and H. S. Sharma
Enhanced Expression of Fibroblast Growth Factors and Receptor FGFR-1 during Vascular Remodeling in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., November 1, 2002; 27(5): 517 - 525.
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 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
J. H. Vernooy, M. Kucukaycan, J. A. Jacobs, N. H. Chavannes, W. A. Buurman, M. A. Dentener, and E. F. Wouters
Local and Systemic Inflammation in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Soluble Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptors Are Increased in Sputum
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., November 1, 2002; 166(9): 1218 - 1224.
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 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
T. Harju, R. Kaarteenaho-Wiik, Y. Soini, R. Sormunen, and V. L. Kinnula
Diminished Immunoreactivity of {gamma}-Glutamylcysteine Synthetase in the Airways of Smokers' Lung
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., September 1, 2002; 166(5): 754 - 759.
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M J Gizycki, K L Hattotuwa, N Barnes, and P K Jeffery
Effects of fluticasone propionate on inflammatory cells in COPD: an ultrastructural examination of endobronchial biopsy tissue
Thorax, September 1, 2002; 57(9): 799 - 803.
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W.-D. Kim, W.-S. Kim, Y. Koh, S.-D. Lee, C.-M. Lim, D.-S. Kim, and Y.-J. Cho
Abnormal Peripheral Blood T-Lymphocyte Subsets in a Subgroup of Patients With COPD*
Chest, August 1, 2002; 122(2): 437 - 444.
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 Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol.Home page
M. K. Winkler and J. L. Fowlkes
Metalloproteinase and growth factor interactions: do they play a role in pulmonary fibrosis?
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, July 1, 2002; 283(1): L1 - L11.
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M. Saetta, M. Mariani, P. Panina-Bordignon, G. Turato, C. Buonsanti, S. Baraldo, C. M. Bellettato, A. Papi, L. Corbetta, R. Zuin, et al.
Increased Expression of the Chemokine Receptor CXCR3 and Its Ligand CXCL10 in Peripheral Airways of Smokers with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., May 15, 2002; 165(10): 1404 - 1409.
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M. G. Cosio, J. Majo, and M. G. Cosio
Inflammation of the Airways and Lung Parenchyma in COPD* : Role of T Cells
Chest, May 1, 2002; 121 (2009): 160S - 165S.
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W. I. de Boer
Cytokines and Therapy in COPD* : A Promising Combination?
Chest, May 1, 2002; 121 (2009): 209S - 218S.
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 Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Bio.Home page
B. Meshi, T. Z. Vitalis, D. Ionescu, W. M. Elliott, C. Liu, X.-D. Wang, S. Hayashi, and J. C. Hogg
Emphysematous Lung Destruction by Cigarette Smoke . The Effects of Latent Adenoviral Infection on the Lung Inflammatory Response
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., January 1, 2002; 26(1): 52 - 57.
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 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
J. ZHU, S. MAJUMDAR, Y. QIU, T. ANSARI, A. OLIVA, J. C. KIPS, R. A. PAUWELS, V. DE ROSE, and P. K. JEFFERY
Interleukin-4 and Interleukin-5 Gene Expression and Inflammation in the Mucus-secreting Glands and Subepithelial Tissue of Smokers with Chronic Bronchitis . Lack of Relationship with CD8+ Cells
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., December 15, 2001; 164(12): 2220 - 2228.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
P. K. JEFFERY
Remodeling in Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., November 15, 2001; 164(10): S28 - 38.
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 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
P. MAESTRELLI, M. SAETTA, C. E. MAPP, and L. M. FABBRI
Remodeling in Response to Infection and Injury . Airway Inflammation and Hypersecretion of Mucus in Smoking Subjects with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., November 15, 2001; 164(10): S76 - 80.
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 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
P. MAESTRELLI, A. H. EL MESSLEMANI, O. DE FINA, Y. NOWICKI, M. SAETTA, C. MAPP, and L. M. FABBRI
Increased Expression of Heme Oxygenase (HO)-1 in Alveolar Spaces and HO-2 in Alveolar Walls of Smokers
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., October 15, 2001; 164(8): 1508 - 1513.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
R. E. KANNER, N. R. ANTHONISEN, and J. E. CONNETT
Lower Respiratory Illnesses Promote FEV1 Decline in Current Smokers But Not Ex-Smokers with Mild Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease . Results from the Lung Health Study
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., August 1, 2001; 164(3): 358 - 364.
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 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
I. RETAMALES, W. M. ELLIOTT, B. MESHI, H. O. COXSON, P. D. PARE, F. C. SCIURBA, R. M. ROGERS, S. HAYASHI, and J. C. HOGG
Amplification of Inflammation in Emphysema and Its Association with Latent Adenoviral Infection
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., August 1, 2001; 164(3): 469 - 473.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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