Systemic oxidative stress in asthma, COPD, and smokers

Systemic oxidative stress in asthma, COPD, and smokers

I Rahman, D Morrison, K Donaldson and W MacNee
Department of Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Royal Infirmary, Scotland, United Kingdom.

An imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants is proposed in smokers and in patients with airways diseases. We tested this hypothesis by measuring the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) of plasma and the levels of products of lipid peroxidation as indices of overall oxidative stress. The plasma TEAC was markedly reduced (0.66 +/- 0.07 mmol/L; mean +/- SEM; n = 11), with increased levels of lipid peroxidation products, in healthy chronic smokers as compared with healthy nonsmokers (1.31 +/- 0.10 mmol/L, n = 14, p < 0.001), an effect that was exaggerated in those who had smoked 1 h before the study. Plasma TEAC was also low in patients presenting with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (0.46 +/- 0.10 mmol/L, n = 20, p < 0.001) or asthma (0.61 +/- 0.05 mmol/L, n = 9, p < 0.01) with increases in plasma lipid peroxidation products. There was a negative correlation between superoxide anion release by stimulated neutrophils and plasma antioxidant capacity (r = -0.73, p < 0.001) in patients with acute exacerbations of COPD. The profound decrease in TEAC was associated with a decreased plasma protein sulfhydryl concentrations in acute exacerbations of COPD but not in smokers or in asthmatic subjects. Therefore smoking, acute exacerbations of COPD, and asthma are associated with a marked oxidant/antioxidant imbalance in the blood, associated with evidence of increased oxidative stress. The decreased antioxidant capacity in plasma may result from different mechanisms in these conditions.

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Int. J. Epidemiol., June 1, 2001; 30(3): 547 - 554.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

A Noguera, S Batle, C Miralles, J Iglesias, X Busquets, W MacNee, and A G N Agustí
Enhanced neutrophil response in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Thorax, June 1, 2001; 56(6): 432 - 437.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

B Balint, L E Donnelly, T Hanazawa, S A Kharitonov, and P J Barnes
Increased nitric oxide metabolites in exhaled breath condensate after exposure to tobacco smoke
Thorax, June 1, 2001; 56(6): 456 - 461.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

S. CUZZOCREA, E. MAZZON, L. DUGO, I. SERRAINO, A. CICCOLO, T. CENTORRINO, A. DE SARRO, and A. P. CAPUTI
Protective effects of n-acetylcysteine on lung injury and red blood cell modification induced by carrageenan in the rat
FASEB J, May 1, 2001; 15(7): 1187 - 1200.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

T. HANAZAWA, S. A. KHARITONOV, and P. J. BARNES
Increased Nitrotyrosine in Exhaled Breath Condensate of Patients with Asthma
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., October 1, 2000; 162(4): 1273 - 1276.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

P. PAREDI, S. A. KHARITONOV, and P. J. BARNES
Elevation of Exhaled Ethane Concentration in Asthma
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., October 1, 2000; 162(4): 1450 - 1454.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

P. MONTUSCHI, J. V. COLLINS, G. CIABATTONI, N. LAZZERI, M. CORRADI, S. A. KHARITONOV, and P. J. BARNES
Exhaled 8-Isoprostane as an In Vivo Biomarker of Lung Oxidative Stress in Patients with COPD and Healthy Smokers
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., September 1, 2000; 162(3): 1175 - 1177.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

P. PAREDI, S. A. KHARITONOV, D. LEAK, S. WARD, D. CRAMER, and P. J. BARNES
Exhaled Ethane, a Marker of Lipid Peroxidation, Is Elevated in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., August 1, 2000; 162(2): 369 - 373.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

M. ICHINOSE, H. SUGIURA, S. YAMAGATA, A. KOARAI, and K. SHIRATO
Increase in Reactive Nitrogen Species Production in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Airways
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., August 1, 2000; 162(2): 701 - 706.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

L. M A Heunks and P N R. Dekhuijzen
Respiratory muscle function and free radicals: from cell to COPD
Thorax, August 1, 2000; 55(8): 704 - 716.
[Full Text]

P. J. Barnes
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
N. Engl. J. Med., July 27, 2000; 343(4): 269 - 280.
[Full Text] [PDF]

H. R Gosker, E. F. Wouters, G. J van der Vusse, and A. M. Schols
Skeletal muscle dysfunction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic heart failure: underlying mechanisms and therapy perspectives
Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, May 1, 2000; 71(5): 1033 - 1047.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]