DP Tashkin, R Detels, M Simmons, H Liu, AH Coulson, J Sayre and S Rokaw
Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine 90024-1690.

We assessed the relative impact of residential exposure to community air pollution and habitual cigarette smoking on lung function by comparing the annualized rate of change in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) in current, former, and never-smokers 25 to 59 yr of age residing in three demographically similar areas of the Southern California air basin who had been chronically exposed to (1) moderate levels of photochemical oxidants and very low levels of other pollutants (Lancaster); (2) very high levels of photochemical oxidants, sulfates, and particulate matter (Glendora); and (3) high levels of sulfates, oxides of nitrogen, and probably hydrocarbons (Long Beach), together with moderate levels of sulfur dioxide. Of the 621 to 763 nonsmokers, 317 to 479 former smokers and 472 to 691 continuing smokers residing in the three areas who were studied initially, 53 to 64, 49 to 59, and 43 to 54%, respectively, were retested. For male residents, area of residence and smoking category each had highly significant effects on FEV1 decline (two-way ANCOVA; p < 0.001) without significant interaction (p > 0.4). After adjustment for baseline FEV1, age, height, and a history of allergy, the mean decline in FEV1 attributable to living in Long Beach compared with living in Lancaster was 23.6 ml/yr, which was 71% of the rate of decline in FEV1 (33.3 ml/yr), attributable to smoking > 1 pack of cigarettes per day. For female residents, a significant interaction was noted between area and smoking (p < 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

This article has been cited by other articles:

				T. Gotschi, J. Sunyer, S. Chinn, R. de Marco, B. Forsberg, J. W Gauderman, R. Garcia-Esteban, J. Heinrich, B. Jacquemin, D. Jarvis, et al. Air pollution and lung function in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey Int. J. Epidemiol., July 1, 2008; (2008) dyn136v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. H. Downs, C. Schindler, L.-J. S. Liu, D. Keidel, L. Bayer-Oglesby, M. H. Brutsche, M. W. Gerbase, R. Keller, N. Kunzli, P. Leuenberger, et al. Reduced Exposure to PM10 and Attenuated Age-Related Decline in Lung Function N. Engl. J. Med., December 6, 2007; 357(23): 2338 - 2347. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Singh Does Regular Physical Activity Reduce Lung Function Decline and COPD Risk among Smokers? Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., August 1, 2007; 176(3): 314 - 314. [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. I. Rennard Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Linking Outcomes and Pathobiology of Disease Modification Proceedings of the ATS, May 1, 2006; 3(3): 276 - 280. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. J. Gauderman, E. Avol, F. Gilliland, H. Vora, D. Thomas, K. Berhane, R. McConnell, N. Kuenzli, F. Lurmann, E. Rappaport, et al. The Effect of Air Pollution on Lung Development from 10 to 18 Years of Age N. Engl. J. Med., September 9, 2004; 351(11): 1057 - 1067. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K Sekine, M Shima, Y Nitta, and M Adachi Long term effects of exposure to automobile exhaust on the pulmonary function of female adults in Tokyo, Japan Occup. Environ. Med., April 1, 2004; 61(4): 350 - 357. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. J. Mautz, M. T. Kleinman, D. K. Bhalla, and R. F. Phalen Respiratory Tract Responses to Repeated Inhalation of an Oxidant and Acid Gas-Particle Air Pollutant Mixture Toxicol. Sci., June 1, 2001; 61(2): 331 - 341. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J.M. Anto, P. Vermeire, J. Vestbo, and J. Sunyer Epidemiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Eur. Respir. J., May 1, 2001; 17(5): 982 - 994. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Sunyer Urban air pollution and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a review Eur. Respir. J., May 1, 2001; 17(5): 1024 - 1033. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. A. GRIFFITH, D. L. SHERRILL, E. M. SIEGEL, T. A. MANOLIO, H. W. BONEKAT, and P. L. ENRIGHT Predictors of Loss of Lung Function in the Elderly . The Cardiovascular Health Study Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., January 1, 2001; 163(1): 61 - 68. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				W. JAMES GAUDERMAN, R. MCCONNELL, F. GILLILAND, S. LONDON, D. THOMAS, E. AVOL, H. VORA, K. BERHANE, E. B. RAPPAPORT, F. LURMANN, et al. Association between Air Pollution and Lung Function Growth in Southern California Children Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., October 1, 2000; 162(4): 1383 - 1390. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. T. Ferguson, P. L. Enright, A. S. Buist, and M. W. Higgins Office Spirometry for Lung Health Assessment in Adults: A Consensus Statement From the National Lung Health Education Program Chest, April 1, 2000; 117(4): 1146 - 1161. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				I. Tager Air Pollution and Lung Function Growth . Is It Ozone? Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., August 1, 1999; 160(2): 387 - 389. [Full Text]

				J A Dickinson, M Meaker, M Searle, and G Ratcliffe Screening older patients for obstructive airways disease in a semi-rural practice Thorax, June 1, 1999; 54(6): 501 - 505. [Abstract] [Full Text]